National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

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Traitements

Molécule	Indication / population	Phase	Objectif	Pays	Résultat
11C-Methylreboxetine (11C-MRB)Background: The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions. Researchers want to improve the tests used to diagnose autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypertension is a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up. Researchers want to focus on this sign of autonomic failure. Objective: To improve testing for conditions that cause autonomic nervous system failure. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older in one of these categories: * Their blood pressure drops when they get up. * They have had a heart transplant or bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies or have had or will have renal sympathetic ablation Design: All participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests Some participants will be screened with: * Heart and breathing tests * IV placement into an arm vein * Tilt table testing: Participants lie on a table that tilts while an IV is used to draw their blood. Participants may stay in the hospital for up to 1 week depending on their tests. Tests may include repeats of screening tests and: * Sweat testing: A drug is placed on the skin to cause sweating. Sensors on the skin measure moisture. * Lumbar puncture: A needle is inserted between the bones in the back to collect fluid. * MRI and PET/CT scan: Participants lie on a table that slides into a scanner. For the PET/CT, a small amount of a radioactive chemical will be injected with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. * Bladder catheter placement to collect urine * Skin biopsies: A punch tool removes a small skin sample. * Tests to see how the pupils react to light * Smelling tests * Thinking and memory tests * Questionnaires Participants may have a visit about 2 years later to repeat tests.	Parkinson	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
13N-AmmoniaBackground: The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions. Researchers want to improve the tests used to diagnose autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypertension is a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up. Researchers want to focus on this sign of autonomic failure. Objective: To improve testing for conditions that cause autonomic nervous system failure. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older in one of these categories: * Their blood pressure drops when they get up. * They have had a heart transplant or bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies or have had or will have renal sympathetic ablation Design: All participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests Some participants will be screened with: * Heart and breathing tests * IV placement into an arm vein * Tilt table testing: Participants lie on a table that tilts while an IV is used to draw their blood. Participants may stay in the hospital for up to 1 week depending on their tests. Tests may include repeats of screening tests and: * Sweat testing: A drug is placed on the skin to cause sweating. Sensors on the skin measure moisture. * Lumbar puncture: A needle is inserted between the bones in the back to collect fluid. * MRI and PET/CT scan: Participants lie on a table that slides into a scanner. For the PET/CT, a small amount of a radioactive chemical will be injected with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. * Bladder catheter placement to collect urine * Skin biopsies: A punch tool removes a small skin sample. * Tests to see how the pupils react to light * Smelling tests * Thinking and memory tests * Questionnaires Participants may have a visit about 2 years later to repeat tests.	Parkinson	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
18F-DOPABackground: The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions. Researchers want to improve the tests used to diagnose autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypertension is a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up. Researchers want to focus on this sign of autonomic failure. Objective: To improve testing for conditions that cause autonomic nervous system failure. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older in one of these categories: * Their blood pressure drops when they get up. * They have had a heart transplant or bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies or have had or will have renal sympathetic ablation Design: All participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests Some participants will be screened with: * Heart and breathing tests * IV placement into an arm vein * Tilt table testing: Participants lie on a table that tilts while an IV is used to draw their blood. Participants may stay in the hospital for up to 1 week depending on their tests. Tests may include repeats of screening tests and: * Sweat testing: A drug is placed on the skin to cause sweating. Sensors on the skin measure moisture. * Lumbar puncture: A needle is inserted between the bones in the back to collect fluid. * MRI and PET/CT scan: Participants lie on a table that slides into a scanner. For the PET/CT, a small amount of a radioactive chemical will be injected with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. * Bladder catheter placement to collect urine * Skin biopsies: A punch tool removes a small skin sample. * Tests to see how the pupils react to light * Smelling tests * Thinking and memory tests * Questionnaires Participants may have a visit about 2 years later to repeat tests.	Parkinson	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
18F-DopamineBackground: The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions. Researchers want to improve the tests used to diagnose autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypertension is a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up. Researchers want to focus on this sign of autonomic failure. Objective: To improve testing for conditions that cause autonomic nervous system failure. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older in one of these categories: * Their blood pressure drops when they get up. * They have had a heart transplant or bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies or have had or will have renal sympathetic ablation Design: All participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests Some participants will be screened with: * Heart and breathing tests * IV placement into an arm vein * Tilt table testing: Participants lie on a table that tilts while an IV is used to draw their blood. Participants may stay in the hospital for up to 1 week depending on their tests. Tests may include repeats of screening tests and: * Sweat testing: A drug is placed on the skin to cause sweating. Sensors on the skin measure moisture. * Lumbar puncture: A needle is inserted between the bones in the back to collect fluid. * MRI and PET/CT scan: Participants lie on a table that slides into a scanner. For the PET/CT, a small amount of a radioactive chemical will be injected with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. * Bladder catheter placement to collect urine * Skin biopsies: A punch tool removes a small skin sample. * Tests to see how the pupils react to light * Smelling tests * Thinking and memory tests * Questionnaires Participants may have a visit about 2 years later to repeat tests.	Parkinson	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Acamprosate calciumDescription non affichée : incohérence de maladie détectée. Consultez l’essai clinique officiel associé.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	Phase 1	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor SyndromesBackground: Researchers have some data on how the brain controls movement and why some people have tremor. But the causes of tremor are not fully known. Researchers want to study people with tremor to learn about changes in the brain and possible causes of tremor. Objective: To better understand how the brain controls movement, learn more about tremor, and train movement disorder specialists. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older with a diagnosed tremor syndrome Healthy volunteers ages 18 and older Design: Participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Urine tests * Clinical rating scales * Health questions * They may have electromyography (EMG) or accelerometry. Sensors or electrodes taped to the skin measure movement. Participation lasts up to 1 year. Some participants will have a visit to examine their tremor more. They may have rating scales, EMG, and drawing and writing tests. Participants will be in 1 or more substudies. These will require up to 7 visits. Visits could include the following: * EMG with accelerometry * Small electrodes taped on the body give small electric shocks that stimulate nerves. * MRI: Participants lie on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes pictures of the body while they do simple tasks. * Small electrodes on the scalp record brain waves. * A cone with detectors on the head measures brain activity while participants do tasks. * A wire coil held on the scalp gives an electrical current that affects brain activity. * Tests for thinking, memory, smell, hearing, or vision * Electrodes on the head give a weak electrical current that affects brain activity. * Photographs or videos of movement Participant data may be shared with other researchers....	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Convection enhanced delivery/AAV2-GDNFBackground: \- Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a chemical that may help protect and strengthen brain cells that produce dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical that affects brain function. People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have problems producing dopamine in the brain. Researchers want to see if gene transfer can help deliver GDNF into the area of the brain that is damaged by PD. The gene transferred in this study, called AAV2-GDNF, may help produce GDNF to protect the damaged brain cells. Objectives: \- To test the safety and effectiveness of AAV2-GDNF gene transfer for advanced PD. Eligibility: \- Individuals at least 18 years of age who have advanced PD that is not well controlled by medications. Design: * Participants will be in the study for about 5 years. There will be 18 outpatient study visits and a 3-day stay in the hospital. There may also be overnight stays for followup visits. * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood samples will be collected. Tests of PD symptoms and mood and memory will be given. Imaging studies will be used to find the right part of the brain to infuse the gene. The screening visit will take place up to 60 days before surgery. * Participants will have a baseline visit about a month before the surgery. For 1 week before the baseline visit, participants will keep a diary on any motor problems. The visit will involve movement tests given before and after taking a regular dose of levodopa. * Participants will have surgery to infuse AAV2-GDNF into the brain. The surgery will also include a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect cerebrospinal fluid. After surgery, participants will recover in the hospital for at least 2 days. * Participants will have another lumbar puncture 6 and 18 months after surgery. This will be an outpatient visit. * Participants will have regular followup visits after the surgery. These visits will include neurological tests and movement studies. Visits with a neurosurgeon will take place 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. Additional visits will take place every 3 months for the first 3 years, and then at longer intervals for up to 5 years....	Parkinson	Phase 1	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG SectionBackground: Most people who are referred to the EMG (Electromyography) Section of the NIH are enrolled into specific active studies. This allows researchers to learn about a range of rare neuromuscular disorders. But study criteria may not give researchers the chance to evaluate a single person or study a common symptom. Therefore, researchers want to assess people with neuromuscular disorders who are not currently enrolled in any NIH studies. They will perform tests on these individuals in the EMG Lab. Then they will create a repository of data that may be used for future research. This will help them learn more about these disorders. Objective: To retain data that is collected as part of participant visits to the NIH. Eligibility: People aged 18 and older who will be visiting the NIH for evaluation of their neuromuscular disorder. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical record review. Participants will have a physical exam. They will be evaluated for their neuromuscular disorder. They may have tests to learn more about how their nerves and muscles work that are called nerve conduction and EMG studies. Their muscles and nerves may be assessed with an ultrasound. Their ability to sweat may be measured. Their heart rate and blood pressure may be taken. Changes to their breathing or changes in their body position may be measured. Participant data will be given a unique numerical identifier that can be used if the data is shared. Data will be stored on a server and in a database. Participants will have 1-2 visits. Each visit will last less than 4 hours. They may be contacted for a follow-up visit.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Deep Brain Stimulation managementBackground: \- In deep brain stimulation (DBS), a device called a neurostimulator is placed in the chest. It is attached to wires in parts of the brain that affect movement. DBS might help people with movement disorders like Parkinson s disease (PD), dystonia, and essential tremor (ET). Objective: \- To provide DBS treatment to people with some movement disorders. Eligibility: \- Adults 18 years and older with PD, ET, or certain forms of dystonia. Design: * Participants will be screened with medical history and physical exam. They will have blood and urine tests and: * MRI brain scan. The participant will lie on a table that slides in and out of a metal cylinder with a magnetic field. They will be in the scanner about 60 minutes. They will get earplugs for the loud noises. During part of the MRI, a needle will guide a thin plastic tube into an arm vein and a dye will be injected. * Electrocardiogram. Metal disks or sticky pads will be placed on the chest, arms, and legs. They record heart activity. * Chest X-ray. * Tests of memory, attention, concentration, thinking, and movement. * Eligible participants will have DBS surgery. The surgery and hospital care afterward are NOT part of this protocol. * Study doctors will see participants 3 4 weeks after surgery to turn on the neurostimulator. * Participants will return every month for 3 months, then every 3 months during the first year, and every 6 months during the second year. Each time, participants will be examined and answer questions. DBS placement will be evaluated with MRI. The neurostimulator will be programmed. At two visits, participants will have tests of movements, thinking, and memory.	Parkinson	Non applicable	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain ExcitabilityThis study will evaluate the usefulness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in measuring cortical excitability. The cortex is the outer part of the brain. Patients with seizures have increased cortical excitability and are often treated with antiepileptic drugs to reduce this excitability. The therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs are usually tracked with blood tests that measure their blood levels. However, these blood tests may not always correctly reflect the effects of the drugs on the brain. TMS has been used successfully to measure cortical excitability in many neurological diseases, including epilepsy, and may be helpful in measuring drug effects on the brain directly. For this procedure, a wire coil is held over the scalp. A brief electrical current is passed through the coil, creating a magnetic pulse that stimulates the brain. This may cause a pulling sensation on the skin under the coil and twitching in muscles of the face, arm, or leg. During the stimulation, the participant may be asked to tense certain muscles slightly or perform other simple actions. Healthy normal volunteers between 18 and 55 years of age may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical and neurological examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), and blood tests. On the first day of the study, participants will have a baseline TMS and will be randomly assigned to take one of two antiepileptic drugs: group A will take the carbamazepine; group B will take lamotrigine. If they wish, participants may be admitted to the NIH Clinical Center for the first 5 days of drug administration while the proper dosage is being determined. They will then be discharged and continue taking the drug for a total of 36 days. During this time, they will have daily blood tests and TMS from days 2 through 5, and again on days 12 and 36. Group A will have additional blood sampling and TMS on days 37, 39, 44, and 53; Group B will have blood tests and TMS on days 38, 40, 45, and 53.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
FerumoxytolBackground: \- Contrast agents help things show up better on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Researchers want to see if the drug ferumoxytol is a good contrast agent. They want to determine that it does not cause prolonged MRI changes in the brain and to see if it helps identify inflammation in multiple sclerosis Objective: \- To learn how ferumoxytol can be used to image inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). Eligibility: * Adults ages 18 70 who have MS. * Healthy volunteers ages 18 70. Design: * Participants will have 5 clinic visits over 6 months. * Participants will be screened with a medical history, neurological exam, and blood draw. Full clinical measures will be obtained. * Participants will have a 7 tesla brain MRI scan that may include gadolinium contrast agent. The MRI is a metal cylinder in a strong magnetic field. The participant will lie on a table that can slide in and out of the cylinder. * During visit 2, ferumoxytol with be given through a catheter (a thin plastic tube) that is inserted with a needle into a vessel in the arm. \<TAB\>- Participants will then have a 7 tesla MRI scan of the brain.. * At each of the next 3 clinic visits, participants will have a 7 tesla brain MRI and have blood drawn. The MRIs may include gadolinium. * Participants may have a full neurologic exam at these visits. At the final visit, full clinical measures will be obtained. * Participants may have more MRI scans if a 6-month MRI shows ferumoxytol still in the brain.	SEP	Phase 1	Immunomodulation	United States	À vérifier
GadoliniumBackground: \- The blood-brain barrier separates the brain from the rest of the body. Epilepsy is a neurological disease that causes seizures. It can affect this barrier. Researchers think a contrast agent called mangafodipir might be better able to show areas of the brain that epilepsy affects. Objective: \- To see if mangafodipir is well tolerated and safe. To see if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using either mangafodipir or gadolinium can show areas of blood-brain barrier breakdown in people with epilepsy. Eligibility: * People ages 18-60 who: * Have epilepsy not controlled by drugs * Prior or concurrent enrollment in 18-N-0066 is required Design: * Participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests * Participants will have up to 6 visits in 1-3 months. One visit is an inpatient stay lasting 2-10 days. Visits may include: * Video-EEG monitoring for participants with epilepsy * An IV catheter put in place: a needle guides a thin plastic tube into an arm vein. * Getting mangafodipir through the IV. * Getting gadolinium through the IV. * Up to 6 MRI scans over a 10-day period: a magnetic field and radio waves take pictures of the brain. Participants lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder. They are in the cylinder for 45-90 minutes, lying still for up to 10 minutes at a time. The scanner makes loud knocking sounds. Participants will get earplugs. * A final MRI at least 2 weeks after receiving mangafodipir.	Épilepsie	Phase 1	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Genetic and Physical Study of Childhood Nerve and Muscle DisordersBackground: \- Some nerve and muscle disorders that start early in life (before age 25), like some forms of muscular dystrophy, can run in families. However, the genetic causes of these disorders are not known. Also, doctors do not fully understand how symptoms of these disorders change over time. Researchers want to learn more about genetic nerve and muscle disorders that start in childhood by studying affected people and their family members, as well as healthy volunteers. Objectives: \- To better understand nerve and muscle disorders that start early in life and run in families. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 4 weeks old with childhood-onset muscular and nerve disorders, including those who have a later onset of a disorder that typically has childhood onset. * Affected and unaffected family members of the individuals with muscular and nerve disorders. * Healthy volunteers at least 4 weeks old with no nerve or muscle disorders. Design: * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Genetic information will be collected from blood, saliva, cheek swab, or skin samples. Urine samples may also be collected. * Healthy volunteers and unaffected family members will have imaging studies of the muscles. These studies will include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound scans. Results will be compared with those from the affected participants. * All participants with nerve and muscle disorders will have multiple tests, including the following: * Imaging studies of the muscles, including ultrasound and MRI scans. * Imaging studies of the bones, such as x-rays and DEXA scans. * Heart and lung function tests. * Eye exams. * Nerve and muscle electrical activity tests and biopsies. * Video and photo image collection of affected muscles. * Speech, language, and swallowing evaluation. * Lumbar puncture to collect spinal fluid for study. * Tests of movement, attention, thinking, and coordination. * Participants with nerve and muscle disorders will return to the Clinical Center every year. They will repeat the tests and studies at these visits.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Head and Neck Cooling SystemDoctors use cooling of the brain to help stop seizures. This procedure is usually accomplished through surgery. Cooling of the face and scalp may also cool the brain, avoiding the need for surgery. The purpose of this study is to assess a head-neck cooling device that the patient can wear. Researchers will determine whether the device can change the frequency of seizures in people with epilepsy. Study participants must be 21 years of age or older and must experience seizures that occur once a week on a regular basis. Participants will be asked to keep a detailed seizure diary for a 12-week period before the date of the first cooling session. For each of the four cooling sessions, participants will be admitted to the hospital overnight. They will undergo a physical and neurological exam and an EEG (electroencephalogram). They will also swallow a temperature-sensor pill. Participants will have one 60-minute cooling session once a week for 4 weeks. Investigators will paste temperature-sensing electrodes on the scalp, forearm, abdomen, and leg. Participants will then be fitted with the cooling unit and the session will begin.	Épilepsie	Phase 2	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Herpes Virus-6 and EpilepsyThis study will explore whether the human herpes virus-6 is associated with epileptic seizures. The virus may be involved in brain scarring, called mesial temporal sclerosis, which is seen in some epilepsy patients. The virus is also thought possibly to interfere with neurotransmitters - chemicals that brain cells use to communicate with each other. This study will measure levels of two of these chemicals, GABA and glutamate, which are believed to play a role in the development of seizures. Patients with epilepsy, with or without mesial temporal sclerosis, and healthy control subjects 18 years of age and older may be eligible for this study. Control subjects may not be taking any medication on a regular basis. Epilepsy patients may take only phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, or levetiracetam. Candidates are screened with a physical examination and blood tests. Participants have blood drawn and undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Blood Draw Up to four teaspoons of blood are drawn through a needle in the arm for this study. MRI MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures of the brain. The scanner is a metal cylinder surrounded by a strong magnetic field. During the scan, the subject lies on a bed that slides into the cylinder, wearing earplugs to muffle loud noises the machine makes when the magnetic fields are switched. The scan takes about 90 to 120 minutes, during which time the subject can communicate with the technician. Lumbar Puncture For this test the subject sits upright or lies on his or her side with knees curled at the chest. A local anesthetic is injected at the lower back, and a needle is inserted in the space between the bones where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates below the spinal cord. A small amount of fluid is collected through the needle. Collection of the fluid usually takes from 5 to 20 minutes.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s DiseaseBackground: \- Parkinson s disease (PD) causes slow movement, stiffness, and tremor. It results from the loss of a brain chemical called dopamine. PD gets worse over time, but researchers do not fully understand why the brain cells that produce dopamine stop working or die in people with PD. This study will use different ways of imaging the brain and brain chemicals to look at PD. It will compare brain imaging in people who definitely have PD to people who might have PD and to people without signs of PD. It will provide more information how the brain in people with PD changes over time. Objectives: \- To understand the changes that occur in the brains of people with Parkinson s disease. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 18 years of age who have definite or possible Parkinson s disease. * Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: * Participants will have a screening visit with a physical exam and medical history. * Participants will visit the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center every 18 month or 3 years for up to 9 years. There will be up to 6 total visits. Most visits will last 5 to 6 hours a day for 1 to 3 days. Some or all of the following tests will be performed at each visit: * Magnetic resonance imaging to take pictures of the brain. Some of these tests will be done at rest. Others will require participants to perform an activity during the scan. * Medication withdrawal for 12 hours overnight for people taking PD medications. This may be done before some scans. Participants who feel unwell when they stop taking medications will be allowed to start taking them again. * Participants will continue with the follow up visits until the end of the study.	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal DementiaBackground: Neurodegenerative disorders can lead to problems in movement or memory. Some can cause abnormal proteins to build up in brain cells. Researchers want to understand whether these diseases have related causes or risk factors. Objective: To test people with movement or thinking and memory problems to see if they are eligible for research studies. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older with a neurodegenerative disorder associated with accumulation of TDP-43 or Tau proteins Design: Participants will have a screening visit. This may take place over 2-3 days. Tests include: Medical history Physical exam Questions about behavior and mood Tests of memory, attention, concentration, and thinking Movement measurement. The speed at which participants can stand up from a chair, tap their finger and foot, and walk a short distance will be measured. Some movements will be videotaped. They will be videotaped while they speak and read a paragraph. Blood tests. This might include genetic testing. Lung and breathing tests MRI. They will lie on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes pictures of the body. Some participants will get a dye through IV. Electromyography. A thin needle will be inserted into the muscles to measure electrical signals. Nerve tests. Small electrodes on the skin record muscle and nerve activity. A small piece of skin may be removed. A skin or blood sample may be taken to create stem cells. Optional lumbar puncture. A needle will be inserted into the space between the bones of the back to collect fluid. If participants are not eligible for current studies, they may be contacted in the future.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	Thérapie cellulaire	United States	À vérifier
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular UltrasoundBackground: Current techniques used to measure the health and function of a person s nerves and muscles are generally effective, but they do have limits. Researchers are looking for ways to improve the ability to observe nerves and muscles and how they function in this natural history protocol. Objective: To study the use of ultrasound (sound waves) to learn more about nerves and muscles. Eligibility: Healthy adults, aged 18 and older, with no history of stroke, nerve or muscular disorders, or spine surgery are also needed. A smaller population of adults aged 18 and older who have a neuromuscular disorder or show symptoms of nerve or muscle disorder will also be evaluated. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical record review. Participants will have up to 5 outpatient clinic visits. Most participants will have 1 or 2 visits. Visits will last for less than 3-4 hours each. During each visit, participants will give a brief medical history and have a physical exam. Participants will have ultrasounds to get pictures and measurements of their nerves and muscles. Gel will be applied to their skin. A probe will be placed on the skin surface. Sound waves sent through the probe will be used to create pictures. Participants may have nerve conduction studies. Wires will be taped to the skin surface near a muscle or nerve in the arm or leg. The nerve will be stimulated with a small electric current that feels like a rubber band flick. The response will be recorded through the wires.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
IV LevodopaThis study will evaluate the effects of an experimental drug called KW-6002 on Parkinson's disease symptoms and on dyskinesias (involuntary movements) that develop as a result of long-term treatment with levodopa. This drug blocks the action of the neurotransmitter adenosine, thought to be involved in producing Parkinson's symptoms. Patients with relatively advanced (Stage II to IV) Parkinson's disease between 30 and 80 years of age may be eligible for this 7-week study. Participants will have a complete medical history and physical examination, including blood tests and an electrocardiogram, and possibly brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT scan, and chest X-ray. Patients enrolled in the study will, if possible, stop taking all antiparkinsonian medications except levodopa (Sinemet) for one month before the study begins and throughout its duration. For the first 1 to 3 days, patients will be admitted to the NIH Clinical center to undergo a levodopa "dose-finding" procedure. For this study, patients will stop taking Sinemet and instead will have levodopa infused through a vein for up to 8 hours/day. During the infusions, the drug dose will be increased slowly until either 1) parkinsonian symptoms improve, 2) unacceptable side effects occur, or 3) the maximum study dose is reached. Symptoms will be monitored frequently to find two infusion rates: 1) one that is less than what is needed to relieve symptoms, and 2) one that relieves symptoms but may produce dyskinesias. This procedure will be repeated at the end of weeks 2, 4 and 6 of the study. When the patient's optimal dose is determined treatment will begin. Patients will take tablets or capsules containing KW-6002 or placebo (a look-alike pill with no active ingredient) once a day for 2 weeks, in addition to their regular Sinemet. All participants will receive placebo at least 2 weeks during the study; some patients will receive only placebo throughout the entire 7 weeks. At the end of weeks 1, 3 and 5, patients will be evaluated with a brief physical examination, routine blood and urine tests, and assessment of any adverse effects. Throughout the study, parkinsonian symptoms and dyskinesias will be evaluated and blood samples will be drawn periodically to measure drug levels.	Parkinson	Phase 2	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
KW-6002This study will evaluate the effects of an experimental drug called KW-6002 on Parkinson's disease symptoms and on dyskinesias (involuntary movements) that develop as a result of long-term treatment with levodopa. This drug blocks the action of the neurotransmitter adenosine, thought to be involved in producing Parkinson's symptoms. Patients with relatively advanced (Stage II to IV) Parkinson's disease between 30 and 80 years of age may be eligible for this 7-week study. Participants will have a complete medical history and physical examination, including blood tests and an electrocardiogram, and possibly brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT scan, and chest X-ray. Patients enrolled in the study will, if possible, stop taking all antiparkinsonian medications except levodopa (Sinemet) for one month before the study begins and throughout its duration. For the first 1 to 3 days, patients will be admitted to the NIH Clinical center to undergo a levodopa "dose-finding" procedure. For this study, patients will stop taking Sinemet and instead will have levodopa infused through a vein for up to 8 hours/day. During the infusions, the drug dose will be increased slowly until either 1) parkinsonian symptoms improve, 2) unacceptable side effects occur, or 3) the maximum study dose is reached. Symptoms will be monitored frequently to find two infusion rates: 1) one that is less than what is needed to relieve symptoms, and 2) one that relieves symptoms but may produce dyskinesias. This procedure will be repeated at the end of weeks 2, 4 and 6 of the study. When the patient's optimal dose is determined treatment will begin. Patients will take tablets or capsules containing KW-6002 or placebo (a look-alike pill with no active ingredient) once a day for 2 weeks, in addition to their regular Sinemet. All participants will receive placebo at least 2 weeks during the study; some patients will receive only placebo throughout the entire 7 weeks. At the end of weeks 1, 3 and 5, patients will be evaluated with a brief physical examination, routine blood and urine tests, and assessment of any adverse effects. Throughout the study, parkinsonian symptoms and dyskinesias will be evaluated and blood samples will be drawn periodically to measure drug levels.	Parkinson	Phase 2	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Laboratory testsObjective: This protocol is designed to allow the Surgical Neurology Branch to evaluate and treat the neurosurgical disorders of protocol participants. The participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment. The clinical data and samples generated during standard of care treatment will be collected as part of this study. Study Population: Participants 4 years of age and older with neurosurgical-related conditions, who are seeking care from or referred to the Surgical Neurology Branch for evaluation, are eligible for this protocol. Study Design: This is an observational study. Participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment for their neurosurgical condition. Clinical evaluation may include laboratory and radiological studies designed to aid in diagnosis or differential diagnosis of the participant s condition or to facilitate treatment. The evaluations may take place in the outpatient clinic areas or in the inpatient units. Some participants will receive standard-of-care medical or surgical treatment for their disorder. Clinical data, tissue samples or body fluids obtained during standard of care treatment, may be used for research. Additional genetic testing may be performed on subjects and their blood relatives if a genetic mechanism underlying the neurological disorder is suspected. Patients in this study may choose to consent to skin biopsies for research purposes, in which case they will sign an additional consent document for this research procedure. Outcome Measures: No additional research outcome measures will be tracked in this study, as this study is collecting data for potential future use. All outcomes will be those of standard clinical evaluation and treatment. A clinical and research database will be kept of patient s diagnosis, progression, and treatment. Clinical database information may be reported or be used in other studies. ...	Épilepsie, Parkinson	À vérifier	Ralentissement de la progression	United States	À vérifier
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)Studies performed under 89-N-0045 are designed to examine the natural history of multiple sclerosis (MS) using MRI and immunological measures. In addition to studying the natural history of untreated patients, the natural history of patients receiving approved disease-modifying therapies of MS will be examined. In both cohorts of patients levels of disease activity on MRI will be compared with immunological characteristics in order to help identify disease mechanism. Patients with either definite MS (based either on clinical or combined clinical and MRI criteria) or with an initial presentation of neurological dysfunction consistent with MS will be studied longitudinally by MRI. Disease activity on MRI will be assessed using several MRI measures of disease activity including the number of contrast enhancing lesions, the overall burden of disease, brain atrophy and measures to assess axonal damage. Patients will be assessed clinically and correlations between immunological and genetic factors and disease activity as seen clinically or by MRI will be studied. A second cohort of patients starting the use of approved therapy will also be examined. Patients referred to NIH prior to beginning approved therapy will be assessed with a series of three monthly MRIs to determine the level of pretreatment disease activity. After beginning approved therapy under the direction of their private physician, patients will be followed similarly to the natural history cohort. Immunological and genetic findings will be accessed before and during therapy in order to help establish the mechanisms of action of the therapies and to identify mechanisms accounting for either a response or lack of response to therapy. Part of the collected samples willl be cryopreserved to provide respository for further studies focusing on detection of biomarkers indicative of disease state, disease stage or repsonse to therapies. Additionally, a cohort of normal volunteers will be studied. The studies in the normal volunteers will be used to establish the most appropriate imaging sequences for studying normal white matter in MS patients using magnetization transfer (MT) imaging sequences for studying normal white matter in MS patients using magnetization transfer (MT) imaging and to provide normative immunological measures. ...	SEP	À vérifier	Neuroprotection	United States	À vérifier
MangafodipirBackground: \- The blood-brain barrier separates the brain from the rest of the body. Epilepsy is a neurological disease that causes seizures. It can affect this barrier. Researchers think a contrast agent called mangafodipir might be better able to show areas of the brain that epilepsy affects. Objective: \- To see if mangafodipir is well tolerated and safe. To see if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using either mangafodipir or gadolinium can show areas of blood-brain barrier breakdown in people with epilepsy. Eligibility: * People ages 18-60 who: * Have epilepsy not controlled by drugs * Prior or concurrent enrollment in 18-N-0066 is required Design: * Participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests * Participants will have up to 6 visits in 1-3 months. One visit is an inpatient stay lasting 2-10 days. Visits may include: * Video-EEG monitoring for participants with epilepsy * An IV catheter put in place: a needle guides a thin plastic tube into an arm vein. * Getting mangafodipir through the IV. * Getting gadolinium through the IV. * Up to 6 MRI scans over a 10-day period: a magnetic field and radio waves take pictures of the brain. Participants lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder. They are in the cylinder for 45-90 minutes, lying still for up to 10 minutes at a time. The scanner makes loud knocking sounds. Participants will get earplugs. * A final MRI at least 2 weeks after receiving mangafodipir.	Épilepsie	Phase 1	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Medtronic Activa Tremor Control SystemBackground: \- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an approved surgery for certain movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, that do not respond well to other treatments. DBS uses a battery-powered device called a neurostimulator (like a pacemaker) that is placed under the skin in the chest. It is used to stimulate the areas of the brain that affect movement. Stimulating these areas helps to block the nerve signals that cause abnormal movements. Researchers also want to record the brain function of people with movement disorders during the surgery. Objectives: * To study how DBS surgery affects Parkinson s disease, dystonia, and tremor. * To obtain information on brain and nerve cell function during DBS surgery. Eligibility: \- People at least 18 years of age who have movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Design: * Researchers will screen patients with physical and neurological exams to decide whether they can have the surgery. Patients will also have a medical history, blood tests, imaging studies, and other tests. Before the surgery, participants will practice movement and memory tests. * During surgery, the stimulator will be placed to provide the right amount of stimulation for the brain. Patients will perform the movement and memory tests that they practiced earlier. * After surgery, participants will recover in the hospital. They will have a followup visit within 4 weeks to turn on and adjust the stimulator. The stimulator has to be programmed and adjusted over weeks to months to find the best settings. * Participants will return for followup visits at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery. Researchers will test their movement, memory, and general quality of life. Each visit will last about 2 hours.	Parkinson	Non applicable	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
MEGObjectives: The overall study objective is to compare the sensitivities and specificities of morphometric analysis techniques using structural MRI images based on pre- and postsurgical localization of epileptic foci in patients undergoing presurgical evaluation for medically refractory epilepsy. To carry out these analyses, we aim to establish an age-stratified normative imaging database using healthy volunteers. Additional objectives are to identify abnormal networks in these patients using resting state fMRI/EEG and MEG/EEG, and to use language and memory fMRI tasks to examine the effects of epileptogenic zones and surgery on cognitive function and the networks associated with these functions. Study population: 300 adults and children (age 8 and older) with uncontrolled focal epilepsy, and 200 age-stratified healthy volunteers. Design: A retrospective and prospective natural history study. Research procedures for patients in this study include neuropsychological testing and 1-4 MRI sessions during presurgical evaluation and an additional 1-3 MRI sessions and neuropsychological testing approximately 12 months post-operatively. Research testing (such as research neuropsychological tests or MRI scanning sequences) will be done during a visit for clinical testing whenever possible, likely reducing the number of required visits. Patients will also have optional MEG and 7T structural imaging. Data will also be obtained from patients who have already undergone epilepsy surgery if they had procedures as outlined in the protocol and are willing to share the data. Healthy volunteers will receive a subset of the pre-operative procedures for patients, requiring at least 3 visits. In order to ensure adequate data acquisition, subjects may be re-scanned up to three times for the portions of the study in which they participated, possibly requiring additional visits. Outcome measures: The main outcomes will be establishment of normative values for morphometric analysis methods in age-stratified normal controls, and comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of these measures to pre- and postsurgical localization of the epileptogenic zone. Secondary outcome measures will include determination of the sensitivity and specificity of source localization using MEG/EEG and resting state fMRI/EEG, and to evaluate changes in activation during rest, as well as language and memory fMRI tasks in patients pre- and postsurgically, to examine the effects of epileptogenic zones and surgery on cognitive function and the networks underlying these functions.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Natural History and Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by the C9ORF72 Gene MutationDescription non affichée : incohérence de maladie détectée. Consultez l’essai clinique officiel associé.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	Ralentissement de la progression + Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Natural History Protocol for Movement DisordersBackground: A movement disorder is a condition that causes a person s body to move in ways that are not normal. There are different types. Some disorders cause movements people can t control, such as tics or shaking. Some cause reduced or slow movements. Movement disorders can cause disability in people. Sometimes members of the same family will have the same disorder. Researchers want to learn more about how people develop these disorders. This research could lead to better treatments. Objective: This natural history study will collect data on people with different types of movement disorders. It will also collect data on their family members. The data will support further research. Eligibility: Children and adults aged 2 years and older who have a movement disorder. Family members of people with movement disorders are also needed. Design: Participants will undergo screening. They will have a physical exam. Researchers will look at their existing medical images. Any photographs or videos of their movements will also be reviewed. Most participants will come to the NIH clinic for only 1 visit. They will answer questions about their condition. They will have normal tests used to diagnose their condition. They may have blood tests and different types of imaging scans. They may have tests to see how well their nerves function. The tests used will depend on the type of disorder they have. Family members will have some of the same tests as people with disorders. Participants will not receive any new treatments. Some participants may be asked to return for a follow-up visit. Up to 4000 people may participate.	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Radiological examsObjective: This protocol is designed to allow the Surgical Neurology Branch to evaluate and treat the neurosurgical disorders of protocol participants. The participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment. The clinical data and samples generated during standard of care treatment will be collected as part of this study. Study Population: Participants 4 years of age and older with neurosurgical-related conditions, who are seeking care from or referred to the Surgical Neurology Branch for evaluation, are eligible for this protocol. Study Design: This is an observational study. Participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment for their neurosurgical condition. Clinical evaluation may include laboratory and radiological studies designed to aid in diagnosis or differential diagnosis of the participant s condition or to facilitate treatment. The evaluations may take place in the outpatient clinic areas or in the inpatient units. Some participants will receive standard-of-care medical or surgical treatment for their disorder. Clinical data, tissue samples or body fluids obtained during standard of care treatment, may be used for research. Additional genetic testing may be performed on subjects and their blood relatives if a genetic mechanism underlying the neurological disorder is suspected. Patients in this study may choose to consent to skin biopsies for research purposes, in which case they will sign an additional consent document for this research procedure. Outcome Measures: No additional research outcome measures will be tracked in this study, as this study is collecting data for potential future use. All outcomes will be those of standard clinical evaluation and treatment. A clinical and research database will be kept of patient s diagnosis, progression, and treatment. Clinical database information may be reported or be used in other studies. ...	Épilepsie, Parkinson	À vérifier	Ralentissement de la progression	United States	À vérifier
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis SusceptibilityBackground: \- Research shows that both genes and the environment influence a person s risk for getting multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is not possible to accurately predict who will develop MS. Researchers want to study people with MS and their family members. They have developed a Genetic and Environmental Risk Score for MS. This score combines information from a person's medical history and genes. It also includes environmental factors that may be related to developing MS. This study will test this risk score to see if it can help predict who will develop MS. Objectives: \- To evaluate a score for genetic and environmental risk factors that may help predict whether a person will develop MS. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 18 years of age who have MS. * Individuals between 18 to 50 years of age who are the parent, brother, sister, or child of a person with MS. Design: * People with MS will allow researchers to look at their personal and medical data. These data will have been collected in other MS-related studies. * Relatives of people with MS will fill out a questionnaire and give blood and saliva samples. They will fill out the questionnaire again one year later. * Some relatives will have additional optional testing. These tests will include a physical exam and imaging studies. There may also be other tests. These tests may be repeated every 1 to 5 years for 20 years.	SEP	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
rhIGF-1 (CEP-151)The drug rhIGF-1 (CEP-151) has been shown to play a key role preclinically in oligodendrocyte differentiation and survival, as well as, myelin integrity and function. Moreover, in an animal model of MS, myelin expression, as well as that of its receptors is upregulated at the time the myelin sheaths regenerate. Finally, administration of exogenous rhIGF-1 to rats with EAE effectively, closes the disrupted BBB, reduces the number and severity of demyelinating lesions, and improves neurological function. Thus it seems reasonable to examine the efficacy and safety, tolerability, and effect of CEP-151 on brain MRI lesions in patients with MS.	SEP	Phase 2	Remyélinisation	United States	À vérifier
Study of Direct Brain Recording and Stimulation for Memory EnhancementBackground: \- Epilepsy is a seizure disorder. Sometimes it is treated with surgery. During surgery, electrodes are placed on or in the brain. Researchers want to learn more about memory and the brain. They want to do tests on people who are having epilepsy surgery. Objective: \- To learn more about memory and brain function by recording brain cell activity during memory tasks. Eligibility: \- Adults age 18 - 65 who have medically intractable epilepsy and will have electrodes placed to identify the source of their seizures. They must be currently enrolled in protocol 11-N-0051. Design: * Participants may do memory tests before the electrodes are put in, while they are in place, and after surgery. Researchers may stimulate areas of the brain with small pulses of electricity. * Researchers will start recording brain activity at least 12 hours after electrodes are placed. They will record while participants are awake and asleep. They will record before, during, and after seizures. * Participants may have up to 3 testing sessions daily over the 1-3 weeks the electrodes are in place. Each session will last 20-60 minutes. * Participants will play games on a laptop. Sometimes they may use a button or joystick. This can be done in bed in the hospital. * Participants may be given a list of words and asked to recall them in a short time. * Participants may be given pairs of items and asked to remember how they are related. * Participants may be asked to learn their way around a virtual town on the computer. Their eye movements may be tracked by a small camera.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Study of Inherited Neurological DisordersThis study is designed to learn more about the natural history of inherited neurological disorders and the role of heredity in their development. It will examine the genetics, symptoms, disease progression, treatment, and psychological and behavioral impact of diseases in the following categories: hereditary peripheral neuropathies; hereditary myopathies; muscular dystrophies; hereditary motor neuron disorders; mitochondrial myopathies; hereditary neurocognitive disorders; inherited neurological disorders without known diagnosis; and others. Many of these diseases, which affect the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and nerves, are rare and poorly understood. Children and adults of all ages with various inherited neurological disorders may be eligible for this study. Participants will undergo a detailed medical and family history, and a family tree will be drawn. They will also have a physical and neurological examination that may include blood test and urine tests, an EEG (brain wave recordings), psychological tests, and speech and language and rehabilitation evaluations. A blood sample or skin biopsy may be taken for genetic testing. Depending on the individual patient s symptoms, imaging tests such as X-rays, CT or MRI scans and muscle and nerve testing may also be done. Information from this study may provide a better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of these disorders, contributing to improved diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling, and perhaps leading to additional studies in these areas.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Remyélinisation indirecte / réparation + Ralentissement de la progression + Traitement symptomatique	United States, Mali	À vérifier
Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable EpilepsyBackground: \- Drug resistant epilepsy is the term used to describe epilepsy that cannot be controlled by medication. Many people whose seizures do not respond to medication will respond to surgical treatment, relieving seizures completely or almost completely in one-half to two-thirds of patients who qualify for surgery. The tests and surgery performed as part of this treatment are not experimental, but researchers are interested in using the data collected as part of routine standard epilepsy care to better understand epilepsy and its treatment. Objectives: \- To use surgery as a treatment for drug resistant epilepsy in children and adults. Eligibility: \- Children and adults at least 8 years of age who have simple or complex partial seizures (seizures that come from one area of the brain) that have not responded to medication, and who are willing to have brain surgery to treat their medically intractable epilepsy. Design: * Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and neurological examination. Imaging studies, including magnetic resonance imaging and computer-assisted tomography (CT), may also be conducted as part of the screening. Participants who do not need surgery or whose epilepsy cannot be treated surgically will follow up with a primary care physician or neurologist and will not need to return to the National Institutes of Health for this study. * Prior to the surgery, participants will have the following procedures to provide information on the correct surgical approach. * Video electroencephalography monitoring to measure brain activity during normal activities within a 24-hour period. Three to four 15-minute breaks are allowed within this period. * Electrodes placed directly in the brain or on the surface of the brain to measure brain activities and determine the part of the brain that is responsible for the seizures (seizure focus). * Participants will have a surgical procedure at the site of their seizure focus. Brain lesions, abnormal blood vessels, tumors, infections, or other areas of brain abnormality will be either removed or treated in a way that will stop or help prevent the spread of seizures without affecting irreplaceable brain functions, such as the ability to speak, understand, move, feel, or see. * Participants will return for outpatient visits and brain imaging studies 2 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
tolebrutinib 120mgBackground: Some multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions stay inflamed for very long periods of time. This type of inflammation is not affected by any MS medications. These lesions can lead to slow worsening of MS symptoms. Researchers want to see if a new drug can help. Objective: To see if tolebrutinib can help clear inflammation in MS brain lesions. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 and older with MS who are on an anti-CD20 therapy. Design: Participants will be screened under protocol #89-N-0045. Participants will have a medical history. They will have physical and neurological exams. They will have blood and urine tests. The progression of their MS will be assessed. Participants will have MRIs of the brain. The MRI scanner is shaped like a cylinder. It uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the body. During the MRIs, participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of the scanner. Soft padding or a coil will be placed around their head. Participants may have electrocardiograms to measure the heart s electrical activity. Participants may have lumbar punctures ( spinal taps ). A small needle will be inserted into the spinal canal in the lower back. Fluid will be collected. Some participants will take tolebrutinib pills by mouth once a day for at least 96 weeks. They will stop their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have at least 10 study visits. Some participants will not take tolebrutinib. They will stay on their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have 5 study visits. Participation will last at least 96 weeks.	SEP	Phase 2	Immunomodulation	United States	À vérifier
tolebrutinib 60mgBackground: Some multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions stay inflamed for very long periods of time. This type of inflammation is not affected by any MS medications. These lesions can lead to slow worsening of MS symptoms. Researchers want to see if a new drug can help. Objective: To see if tolebrutinib can help clear inflammation in MS brain lesions. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 and older with MS who are on an anti-CD20 therapy. Design: Participants will be screened under protocol #89-N-0045. Participants will have a medical history. They will have physical and neurological exams. They will have blood and urine tests. The progression of their MS will be assessed. Participants will have MRIs of the brain. The MRI scanner is shaped like a cylinder. It uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the body. During the MRIs, participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of the scanner. Soft padding or a coil will be placed around their head. Participants may have electrocardiograms to measure the heart s electrical activity. Participants may have lumbar punctures ( spinal taps ). A small needle will be inserted into the spinal canal in the lower back. Fluid will be collected. Some participants will take tolebrutinib pills by mouth once a day for at least 96 weeks. They will stop their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have at least 10 study visits. Some participants will not take tolebrutinib. They will stay on their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have 5 study visits. Participation will last at least 96 weeks.	SEP	Phase 2	Immunomodulation	United States	À vérifier
Tumor Related EpilepsyBackground: Some people with brain tumors have seizures related to the tumor. This is called tumor-related epilepsy. Usually brain tumors are treated by removing as much of the brain tumor as possible without causing problems. Researchers think this may improve the outcome for people with brain tumors. It may completely relieve or greatly reduce the number of seizures they have. Objectives: To evaluate people with brain tumors that are associated with seizures and to offer surgical treatment. Also, to study how surgery affects seizures. Eligibility: People age 8 and older who have a brain tumor with associated seizures. They must be willing to have brain surgery to treat their epilepsy. Design: Participants will be screened with a review of their medical records. Participants will have a medical history and physical exam. Participants will be admitted to the hospital at NIH. They will have Medical history Physical exam Neurological exam Tests of memory, attention, and thinking Questions about their symptoms and quality of life Blood drawn They may also have: MRI or CT scan. They will lie on a table that slides in and out of a machine that takes pictures. For part of the MRI, they will get a dye through an intravenous (IV) catheter. Video electroencephalography monitoring. Electrodes will be placed on the scalp. The participant s brain waves will be recorded while doing normal activities. Participants will be videotaped. Participants will keep a seizure diary before and after surgery. Participants will have surgery to remove their brain tumor and the brain area where their seizures start. They will stay in the hospital up to a week after surgery. Participants have for follow-up visits at NIH. ...	Épilepsie	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain ExcitabilityThis study will evaluate the usefulness of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in measuring cortical excitability. The cortex is the outer part of the brain. Patients with seizures have increased cortical excitability and are often treated with antiepileptic drugs to reduce this excitability. The therapeutic effects of antiepileptic drugs are usually tracked with blood tests that measure their blood levels. However, these blood tests may not always correctly reflect the effects of the drugs on the brain. TMS has been used successfully to measure cortical excitability in many neurological diseases, including epilepsy, and may be helpful in measuring drug effects on the brain directly. For this procedure, a wire coil is held over the scalp. A brief electrical current is passed through the coil, creating a magnetic pulse that stimulates the brain. This may cause a pulling sensation on the skin under the coil and twitching in muscles of the face, arm, or leg. During the stimulation, the participant may be asked to tense certain muscles slightly or perform other simple actions. Healthy normal volunteers between 18 and 55 years of age may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with a medical history, physical and neurological examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), and blood tests. On the first day of the study, participants will have a baseline TMS and will be randomly assigned to take one of two antiepileptic drugs: group A will take the carbamazepine; group B will take lamotrigine. If they wish, participants may be admitted to the NIH Clinical Center for the first 5 days of drug administration while the proper dosage is being determined. They will then be discharged and continue taking the drug for a total of 36 days. During this time, they will have daily blood tests and TMS from days 2 through 5, and again on days 12 and 36. Group A will have additional blood sampling and TMS on days 37, 39, 44, and 53; Group B will have blood tests and TMS on days 38, 40, 45, and 53.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
tolebrutinib 60mgBackground: Some multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions stay inflamed for very long periods of time. This type of inflammation is not affected by any MS medications. These lesions can lead to slow worsening of MS symptoms. Researchers want to see if a new drug can help. Objective: To see if tolebrutinib can help clear inflammation in MS brain lesions. Eligibility: Adults ages 18 and older with MS who are on an anti-CD20 therapy. Design: Participants will be screened under protocol #89-N-0045. Participants will have a medical history. They will have physical and neurological exams. They will have blood and urine tests. The progression of their MS will be assessed. Participants will have MRIs of the brain. The MRI scanner is shaped like a cylinder. It uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the body. During the MRIs, participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of the scanner. Soft padding or a coil will be placed around their head. Participants may have electrocardiograms to measure the heart s electrical activity. Participants may have lumbar punctures ( spinal taps ). A small needle will be inserted into the spinal canal in the lower back. Fluid will be collected. Some participants will take tolebrutinib pills by mouth once a day for at least 96 weeks. They will stop their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have at least 10 study visits. Some participants will not take tolebrutinib. They will stay on their anti-CD20 therapy. They will have 5 study visits. Participation will last at least 96 weeks.	SEP	Phase 2	Immunomodulation	United States	À vérifier
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis SusceptibilityBackground: \- Research shows that both genes and the environment influence a person s risk for getting multiple sclerosis (MS). However, it is not possible to accurately predict who will develop MS. Researchers want to study people with MS and their family members. They have developed a Genetic and Environmental Risk Score for MS. This score combines information from a person's medical history and genes. It also includes environmental factors that may be related to developing MS. This study will test this risk score to see if it can help predict who will develop MS. Objectives: \- To evaluate a score for genetic and environmental risk factors that may help predict whether a person will develop MS. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 18 years of age who have MS. * Individuals between 18 to 50 years of age who are the parent, brother, sister, or child of a person with MS. Design: * People with MS will allow researchers to look at their personal and medical data. These data will have been collected in other MS-related studies. * Relatives of people with MS will fill out a questionnaire and give blood and saliva samples. They will fill out the questionnaire again one year later. * Some relatives will have additional optional testing. These tests will include a physical exam and imaging studies. There may also be other tests. These tests may be repeated every 1 to 5 years for 20 years.	SEP	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Head and Neck Cooling SystemDoctors use cooling of the brain to help stop seizures. This procedure is usually accomplished through surgery. Cooling of the face and scalp may also cool the brain, avoiding the need for surgery. The purpose of this study is to assess a head-neck cooling device that the patient can wear. Researchers will determine whether the device can change the frequency of seizures in people with epilepsy. Study participants must be 21 years of age or older and must experience seizures that occur once a week on a regular basis. Participants will be asked to keep a detailed seizure diary for a 12-week period before the date of the first cooling session. For each of the four cooling sessions, participants will be admitted to the hospital overnight. They will undergo a physical and neurological exam and an EEG (electroencephalogram). They will also swallow a temperature-sensor pill. Participants will have one 60-minute cooling session once a week for 4 weeks. Investigators will paste temperature-sensing electrodes on the scalp, forearm, abdomen, and leg. Participants will then be fitted with the cooling unit and the session will begin.	Épilepsie	Phase 2	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
KW-6002This study will evaluate the effects of an experimental drug called KW-6002 on Parkinson's disease symptoms and on dyskinesias (involuntary movements) that develop as a result of long-term treatment with levodopa. This drug blocks the action of the neurotransmitter adenosine, thought to be involved in producing Parkinson's symptoms. Patients with relatively advanced (Stage II to IV) Parkinson's disease between 30 and 80 years of age may be eligible for this 7-week study. Participants will have a complete medical history and physical examination, including blood tests and an electrocardiogram, and possibly brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT scan, and chest X-ray. Patients enrolled in the study will, if possible, stop taking all antiparkinsonian medications except levodopa (Sinemet) for one month before the study begins and throughout its duration. For the first 1 to 3 days, patients will be admitted to the NIH Clinical center to undergo a levodopa "dose-finding" procedure. For this study, patients will stop taking Sinemet and instead will have levodopa infused through a vein for up to 8 hours/day. During the infusions, the drug dose will be increased slowly until either 1) parkinsonian symptoms improve, 2) unacceptable side effects occur, or 3) the maximum study dose is reached. Symptoms will be monitored frequently to find two infusion rates: 1) one that is less than what is needed to relieve symptoms, and 2) one that relieves symptoms but may produce dyskinesias. This procedure will be repeated at the end of weeks 2, 4 and 6 of the study. When the patient's optimal dose is determined treatment will begin. Patients will take tablets or capsules containing KW-6002 or placebo (a look-alike pill with no active ingredient) once a day for 2 weeks, in addition to their regular Sinemet. All participants will receive placebo at least 2 weeks during the study; some patients will receive only placebo throughout the entire 7 weeks. At the end of weeks 1, 3 and 5, patients will be evaluated with a brief physical examination, routine blood and urine tests, and assessment of any adverse effects. Throughout the study, parkinsonian symptoms and dyskinesias will be evaluated and blood samples will be drawn periodically to measure drug levels.	Parkinson	Phase 2	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Herpes Virus-6 and EpilepsyThis study will explore whether the human herpes virus-6 is associated with epileptic seizures. The virus may be involved in brain scarring, called mesial temporal sclerosis, which is seen in some epilepsy patients. The virus is also thought possibly to interfere with neurotransmitters - chemicals that brain cells use to communicate with each other. This study will measure levels of two of these chemicals, GABA and glutamate, which are believed to play a role in the development of seizures. Patients with epilepsy, with or without mesial temporal sclerosis, and healthy control subjects 18 years of age and older may be eligible for this study. Control subjects may not be taking any medication on a regular basis. Epilepsy patients may take only phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, or levetiracetam. Candidates are screened with a physical examination and blood tests. Participants have blood drawn and undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Blood Draw Up to four teaspoons of blood are drawn through a needle in the arm for this study. MRI MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce pictures of the brain. The scanner is a metal cylinder surrounded by a strong magnetic field. During the scan, the subject lies on a bed that slides into the cylinder, wearing earplugs to muffle loud noises the machine makes when the magnetic fields are switched. The scan takes about 90 to 120 minutes, during which time the subject can communicate with the technician. Lumbar Puncture For this test the subject sits upright or lies on his or her side with knees curled at the chest. A local anesthetic is injected at the lower back, and a needle is inserted in the space between the bones where the cerebrospinal fluid circulates below the spinal cord. A small amount of fluid is collected through the needle. Collection of the fluid usually takes from 5 to 20 minutes.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)Studies performed under 89-N-0045 are designed to examine the natural history of multiple sclerosis (MS) using MRI and immunological measures. In addition to studying the natural history of untreated patients, the natural history of patients receiving approved disease-modifying therapies of MS will be examined. In both cohorts of patients levels of disease activity on MRI will be compared with immunological characteristics in order to help identify disease mechanism. Patients with either definite MS (based either on clinical or combined clinical and MRI criteria) or with an initial presentation of neurological dysfunction consistent with MS will be studied longitudinally by MRI. Disease activity on MRI will be assessed using several MRI measures of disease activity including the number of contrast enhancing lesions, the overall burden of disease, brain atrophy and measures to assess axonal damage. Patients will be assessed clinically and correlations between immunological and genetic factors and disease activity as seen clinically or by MRI will be studied. A second cohort of patients starting the use of approved therapy will also be examined. Patients referred to NIH prior to beginning approved therapy will be assessed with a series of three monthly MRIs to determine the level of pretreatment disease activity. After beginning approved therapy under the direction of their private physician, patients will be followed similarly to the natural history cohort. Immunological and genetic findings will be accessed before and during therapy in order to help establish the mechanisms of action of the therapies and to identify mechanisms accounting for either a response or lack of response to therapy. Part of the collected samples willl be cryopreserved to provide respository for further studies focusing on detection of biomarkers indicative of disease state, disease stage or repsonse to therapies. Additionally, a cohort of normal volunteers will be studied. The studies in the normal volunteers will be used to establish the most appropriate imaging sequences for studying normal white matter in MS patients using magnetization transfer (MT) imaging sequences for studying normal white matter in MS patients using magnetization transfer (MT) imaging and to provide normative immunological measures. ...	SEP	À vérifier	Neuroprotection	United States	À vérifier
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s DiseaseBackground: \- Parkinson s disease (PD) causes slow movement, stiffness, and tremor. It results from the loss of a brain chemical called dopamine. PD gets worse over time, but researchers do not fully understand why the brain cells that produce dopamine stop working or die in people with PD. This study will use different ways of imaging the brain and brain chemicals to look at PD. It will compare brain imaging in people who definitely have PD to people who might have PD and to people without signs of PD. It will provide more information how the brain in people with PD changes over time. Objectives: \- To understand the changes that occur in the brains of people with Parkinson s disease. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 18 years of age who have definite or possible Parkinson s disease. * Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: * Participants will have a screening visit with a physical exam and medical history. * Participants will visit the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center every 18 month or 3 years for up to 9 years. There will be up to 6 total visits. Most visits will last 5 to 6 hours a day for 1 to 3 days. Some or all of the following tests will be performed at each visit: * Magnetic resonance imaging to take pictures of the brain. Some of these tests will be done at rest. Others will require participants to perform an activity during the scan. * Medication withdrawal for 12 hours overnight for people taking PD medications. This may be done before some scans. Participants who feel unwell when they stop taking medications will be allowed to start taking them again. * Participants will continue with the follow up visits until the end of the study.	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Laboratory testsObjective: This protocol is designed to allow the Surgical Neurology Branch to evaluate and treat the neurosurgical disorders of protocol participants. The participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment. The clinical data and samples generated during standard of care treatment will be collected as part of this study. Study Population: Participants 4 years of age and older with neurosurgical-related conditions, who are seeking care from or referred to the Surgical Neurology Branch for evaluation, are eligible for this protocol. Study Design: This is an observational study. Participants will receive standard-of-clinical-care evaluation and treatment for their neurosurgical condition. Clinical evaluation may include laboratory and radiological studies designed to aid in diagnosis or differential diagnosis of the participant s condition or to facilitate treatment. The evaluations may take place in the outpatient clinic areas or in the inpatient units. Some participants will receive standard-of-care medical or surgical treatment for their disorder. Clinical data, tissue samples or body fluids obtained during standard of care treatment, may be used for research. Additional genetic testing may be performed on subjects and their blood relatives if a genetic mechanism underlying the neurological disorder is suspected. Patients in this study may choose to consent to skin biopsies for research purposes, in which case they will sign an additional consent document for this research procedure. Outcome Measures: No additional research outcome measures will be tracked in this study, as this study is collecting data for potential future use. All outcomes will be those of standard clinical evaluation and treatment. A clinical and research database will be kept of patient s diagnosis, progression, and treatment. Clinical database information may be reported or be used in other studies. ...	Épilepsie	À vérifier	Ralentissement de la progression	United States	À vérifier
Medtronic Activa Tremor Control SystemBackground: \- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an approved surgery for certain movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, that do not respond well to other treatments. DBS uses a battery-powered device called a neurostimulator (like a pacemaker) that is placed under the skin in the chest. It is used to stimulate the areas of the brain that affect movement. Stimulating these areas helps to block the nerve signals that cause abnormal movements. Researchers also want to record the brain function of people with movement disorders during the surgery. Objectives: * To study how DBS surgery affects Parkinson s disease, dystonia, and tremor. * To obtain information on brain and nerve cell function during DBS surgery. Eligibility: \- People at least 18 years of age who have movement disorders, like Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Design: * Researchers will screen patients with physical and neurological exams to decide whether they can have the surgery. Patients will also have a medical history, blood tests, imaging studies, and other tests. Before the surgery, participants will practice movement and memory tests. * During surgery, the stimulator will be placed to provide the right amount of stimulation for the brain. Patients will perform the movement and memory tests that they practiced earlier. * After surgery, participants will recover in the hospital. They will have a followup visit within 4 weeks to turn on and adjust the stimulator. The stimulator has to be programmed and adjusted over weeks to months to find the best settings. * Participants will return for followup visits at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery. Researchers will test their movement, memory, and general quality of life. Each visit will last about 2 hours.	Parkinson	Non applicable	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable EpilepsyBackground: \- Drug resistant epilepsy is the term used to describe epilepsy that cannot be controlled by medication. Many people whose seizures do not respond to medication will respond to surgical treatment, relieving seizures completely or almost completely in one-half to two-thirds of patients who qualify for surgery. The tests and surgery performed as part of this treatment are not experimental, but researchers are interested in using the data collected as part of routine standard epilepsy care to better understand epilepsy and its treatment. Objectives: \- To use surgery as a treatment for drug resistant epilepsy in children and adults. Eligibility: \- Children and adults at least 8 years of age who have simple or complex partial seizures (seizures that come from one area of the brain) that have not responded to medication, and who are willing to have brain surgery to treat their medically intractable epilepsy. Design: * Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, and neurological examination. Imaging studies, including magnetic resonance imaging and computer-assisted tomography (CT), may also be conducted as part of the screening. Participants who do not need surgery or whose epilepsy cannot be treated surgically will follow up with a primary care physician or neurologist and will not need to return to the National Institutes of Health for this study. * Prior to the surgery, participants will have the following procedures to provide information on the correct surgical approach. * Video electroencephalography monitoring to measure brain activity during normal activities within a 24-hour period. Three to four 15-minute breaks are allowed within this period. * Electrodes placed directly in the brain or on the surface of the brain to measure brain activities and determine the part of the brain that is responsible for the seizures (seizure focus). * Participants will have a surgical procedure at the site of their seizure focus. Brain lesions, abnormal blood vessels, tumors, infections, or other areas of brain abnormality will be either removed or treated in a way that will stop or help prevent the spread of seizures without affecting irreplaceable brain functions, such as the ability to speak, understand, move, feel, or see. * Participants will return for outpatient visits and brain imaging studies 2 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
MangafodipirBackground: \- The blood-brain barrier separates the brain from the rest of the body. Epilepsy is a neurological disease that causes seizures. It can affect this barrier. Researchers think a contrast agent called mangafodipir might be better able to show areas of the brain that epilepsy affects. Objective: \- To see if mangafodipir is well tolerated and safe. To see if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using either mangafodipir or gadolinium can show areas of blood-brain barrier breakdown in people with epilepsy. Eligibility: * People ages 18-60 who: * Have epilepsy not controlled by drugs * Prior or concurrent enrollment in 18-N-0066 is required Design: * Participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests * Participants will have up to 6 visits in 1-3 months. One visit is an inpatient stay lasting 2-10 days. Visits may include: * Video-EEG monitoring for participants with epilepsy * An IV catheter put in place: a needle guides a thin plastic tube into an arm vein. * Getting mangafodipir through the IV. * Getting gadolinium through the IV. * Up to 6 MRI scans over a 10-day period: a magnetic field and radio waves take pictures of the brain. Participants lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder. They are in the cylinder for 45-90 minutes, lying still for up to 10 minutes at a time. The scanner makes loud knocking sounds. Participants will get earplugs. * A final MRI at least 2 weeks after receiving mangafodipir.	Épilepsie	Phase 1	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG SectionBackground: Most people who are referred to the EMG (Electromyography) Section of the NIH are enrolled into specific active studies. This allows researchers to learn about a range of rare neuromuscular disorders. But study criteria may not give researchers the chance to evaluate a single person or study a common symptom. Therefore, researchers want to assess people with neuromuscular disorders who are not currently enrolled in any NIH studies. They will perform tests on these individuals in the EMG Lab. Then they will create a repository of data that may be used for future research. This will help them learn more about these disorders. Objective: To retain data that is collected as part of participant visits to the NIH. Eligibility: People aged 18 and older who will be visiting the NIH for evaluation of their neuromuscular disorder. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical record review. Participants will have a physical exam. They will be evaluated for their neuromuscular disorder. They may have tests to learn more about how their nerves and muscles work that are called nerve conduction and EMG studies. Their muscles and nerves may be assessed with an ultrasound. Their ability to sweat may be measured. Their heart rate and blood pressure may be taken. Changes to their breathing or changes in their body position may be measured. Participant data will be given a unique numerical identifier that can be used if the data is shared. Data will be stored on a server and in a database. Participants will have 1-2 visits. Each visit will last less than 4 hours. They may be contacted for a follow-up visit.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal DementiaBackground: Neurodegenerative disorders can lead to problems in movement or memory. Some can cause abnormal proteins to build up in brain cells. Researchers want to understand whether these diseases have related causes or risk factors. Objective: To test people with movement or thinking and memory problems to see if they are eligible for research studies. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older with a neurodegenerative disorder associated with accumulation of TDP-43 or Tau proteins Design: Participants will have a screening visit. This may take place over 2-3 days. Tests include: Medical history Physical exam Questions about behavior and mood Tests of memory, attention, concentration, and thinking Movement measurement. The speed at which participants can stand up from a chair, tap their finger and foot, and walk a short distance will be measured. Some movements will be videotaped. They will be videotaped while they speak and read a paragraph. Blood tests. This might include genetic testing. Lung and breathing tests MRI. They will lie on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes pictures of the body. Some participants will get a dye through IV. Electromyography. A thin needle will be inserted into the muscles to measure electrical signals. Nerve tests. Small electrodes on the skin record muscle and nerve activity. A small piece of skin may be removed. A skin or blood sample may be taken to create stem cells. Optional lumbar puncture. A needle will be inserted into the space between the bones of the back to collect fluid. If participants are not eligible for current studies, they may be contacted in the future.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	Thérapie cellulaire	United States	À vérifier
Acamprosate calciumDescription non affichée : incohérence de maladie détectée. Consultez l’essai clinique officiel associé.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	Phase 1	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Natural History and Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by the C9ORF72 Gene MutationDescription non affichée : incohérence de maladie détectée. Consultez l’essai clinique officiel associé.	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	Ralentissement de la progression + Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
FerumoxytolDescription non affichée : incohérence de maladie détectée. Consultez l’essai clinique officiel associé.	SEP	Phase 1	Immunomodulation	United States	À vérifier
Deep Brain Stimulation managementBackground: \- In deep brain stimulation (DBS), a device called a neurostimulator is placed in the chest. It is attached to wires in parts of the brain that affect movement. DBS might help people with movement disorders like Parkinson s disease (PD), dystonia, and essential tremor (ET). Objective: \- To provide DBS treatment to people with some movement disorders. Eligibility: \- Adults 18 years and older with PD, ET, or certain forms of dystonia. Design: * Participants will be screened with medical history and physical exam. They will have blood and urine tests and: * MRI brain scan. The participant will lie on a table that slides in and out of a metal cylinder with a magnetic field. They will be in the scanner about 60 minutes. They will get earplugs for the loud noises. During part of the MRI, a needle will guide a thin plastic tube into an arm vein and a dye will be injected. * Electrocardiogram. Metal disks or sticky pads will be placed on the chest, arms, and legs. They record heart activity. * Chest X-ray. * Tests of memory, attention, concentration, thinking, and movement. * Eligible participants will have DBS surgery. The surgery and hospital care afterward are NOT part of this protocol. * Study doctors will see participants 3 4 weeks after surgery to turn on the neurostimulator. * Participants will return every month for 3 months, then every 3 months during the first year, and every 6 months during the second year. Each time, participants will be examined and answer questions. DBS placement will be evaluated with MRI. The neurostimulator will be programmed. At two visits, participants will have tests of movements, thinking, and memory.	Parkinson	Non applicable	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor SyndromesBackground: Researchers have some data on how the brain controls movement and why some people have tremor. But the causes of tremor are not fully known. Researchers want to study people with tremor to learn about changes in the brain and possible causes of tremor. Objective: To better understand how the brain controls movement, learn more about tremor, and train movement disorder specialists. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older with a diagnosed tremor syndrome Healthy volunteers ages 18 and older Design: Participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Urine tests * Clinical rating scales * Health questions * They may have electromyography (EMG) or accelerometry. Sensors or electrodes taped to the skin measure movement. Participation lasts up to 1 year. Some participants will have a visit to examine their tremor more. They may have rating scales, EMG, and drawing and writing tests. Participants will be in 1 or more substudies. These will require up to 7 visits. Visits could include the following: * EMG with accelerometry * Small electrodes taped on the body give small electric shocks that stimulate nerves. * MRI: Participants lie on a table that slides into a cylinder that takes pictures of the body while they do simple tasks. * Small electrodes on the scalp record brain waves. * A cone with detectors on the head measures brain activity while participants do tasks. * A wire coil held on the scalp gives an electrical current that affects brain activity. * Tests for thinking, memory, smell, hearing, or vision * Electrodes on the head give a weak electrical current that affects brain activity. * Photographs or videos of movement Participant data may be shared with other researchers....	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Study of Inherited Neurological DisordersThis study is designed to learn more about the natural history of inherited neurological disorders and the role of heredity in their development. It will examine the genetics, symptoms, disease progression, treatment, and psychological and behavioral impact of diseases in the following categories: hereditary peripheral neuropathies; hereditary myopathies; muscular dystrophies; hereditary motor neuron disorders; mitochondrial myopathies; hereditary neurocognitive disorders; inherited neurological disorders without known diagnosis; and others. Many of these diseases, which affect the brain, spinal cord, muscles, and nerves, are rare and poorly understood. Children and adults of all ages with various inherited neurological disorders may be eligible for this study. Participants will undergo a detailed medical and family history, and a family tree will be drawn. They will also have a physical and neurological examination that may include blood test and urine tests, an EEG (brain wave recordings), psychological tests, and speech and language and rehabilitation evaluations. A blood sample or skin biopsy may be taken for genetic testing. Depending on the individual patient s symptoms, imaging tests such as X-rays, CT or MRI scans and muscle and nerve testing may also be done. Information from this study may provide a better understanding of the genetic underpinnings of these disorders, contributing to improved diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling, and perhaps leading to additional studies in these areas.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Remyélinisation indirecte / réparation + Ralentissement de la progression + Traitement symptomatique	United States, Mali	À vérifier
13N-AmmoniaBackground: The autonomic nervous system controls automatic body functions. Researchers want to improve the tests used to diagnose autonomic failure. Orthostatic hypertension is a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up. Researchers want to focus on this sign of autonomic failure. Objective: To improve testing for conditions that cause autonomic nervous system failure. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older in one of these categories: * Their blood pressure drops when they get up. * They have had a heart transplant or bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomies or have had or will have renal sympathetic ablation Design: All participants will be screened with: * Medical history * Physical exam * Blood and urine tests Some participants will be screened with: * Heart and breathing tests * IV placement into an arm vein * Tilt table testing: Participants lie on a table that tilts while an IV is used to draw their blood. Participants may stay in the hospital for up to 1 week depending on their tests. Tests may include repeats of screening tests and: * Sweat testing: A drug is placed on the skin to cause sweating. Sensors on the skin measure moisture. * Lumbar puncture: A needle is inserted between the bones in the back to collect fluid. * MRI and PET/CT scan: Participants lie on a table that slides into a scanner. For the PET/CT, a small amount of a radioactive chemical will be injected with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. * Bladder catheter placement to collect urine * Skin biopsies: A punch tool removes a small skin sample. * Tests to see how the pupils react to light * Smelling tests * Thinking and memory tests * Questionnaires Participants may have a visit about 2 years later to repeat tests.	Parkinson	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Genetic and Physical Study of Childhood Nerve and Muscle DisordersBackground: \- Some nerve and muscle disorders that start early in life (before age 25), like some forms of muscular dystrophy, can run in families. However, the genetic causes of these disorders are not known. Also, doctors do not fully understand how symptoms of these disorders change over time. Researchers want to learn more about genetic nerve and muscle disorders that start in childhood by studying affected people and their family members, as well as healthy volunteers. Objectives: \- To better understand nerve and muscle disorders that start early in life and run in families. Eligibility: * Individuals at least 4 weeks old with childhood-onset muscular and nerve disorders, including those who have a later onset of a disorder that typically has childhood onset. * Affected and unaffected family members of the individuals with muscular and nerve disorders. * Healthy volunteers at least 4 weeks old with no nerve or muscle disorders. Design: * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Genetic information will be collected from blood, saliva, cheek swab, or skin samples. Urine samples may also be collected. * Healthy volunteers and unaffected family members will have imaging studies of the muscles. These studies will include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound scans. Results will be compared with those from the affected participants. * All participants with nerve and muscle disorders will have multiple tests, including the following: * Imaging studies of the muscles, including ultrasound and MRI scans. * Imaging studies of the bones, such as x-rays and DEXA scans. * Heart and lung function tests. * Eye exams. * Nerve and muscle electrical activity tests and biopsies. * Video and photo image collection of affected muscles. * Speech, language, and swallowing evaluation. * Lumbar puncture to collect spinal fluid for study. * Tests of movement, attention, thinking, and coordination. * Participants with nerve and muscle disorders will return to the Clinical Center every year. They will repeat the tests and studies at these visits.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
rhIGF-1 (CEP-151)The drug rhIGF-1 (CEP-151) has been shown to play a key role preclinically in oligodendrocyte differentiation and survival, as well as, myelin integrity and function. Moreover, in an animal model of MS, myelin expression, as well as that of its receptors is upregulated at the time the myelin sheaths regenerate. Finally, administration of exogenous rhIGF-1 to rats with EAE effectively, closes the disrupted BBB, reduces the number and severity of demyelinating lesions, and improves neurological function. Thus it seems reasonable to examine the efficacy and safety, tolerability, and effect of CEP-151 on brain MRI lesions in patients with MS.	SEP	Phase 2	Remyélinisation	United States	À vérifier
Convection enhanced delivery/AAV2-GDNFBackground: \- Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a chemical that may help protect and strengthen brain cells that produce dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical that affects brain function. People with Parkinson's disease (PD) have problems producing dopamine in the brain. Researchers want to see if gene transfer can help deliver GDNF into the area of the brain that is damaged by PD. The gene transferred in this study, called AAV2-GDNF, may help produce GDNF to protect the damaged brain cells. Objectives: \- To test the safety and effectiveness of AAV2-GDNF gene transfer for advanced PD. Eligibility: \- Individuals at least 18 years of age who have advanced PD that is not well controlled by medications. Design: * Participants will be in the study for about 5 years. There will be 18 outpatient study visits and a 3-day stay in the hospital. There may also be overnight stays for followup visits. * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood samples will be collected. Tests of PD symptoms and mood and memory will be given. Imaging studies will be used to find the right part of the brain to infuse the gene. The screening visit will take place up to 60 days before surgery. * Participants will have a baseline visit about a month before the surgery. For 1 week before the baseline visit, participants will keep a diary on any motor problems. The visit will involve movement tests given before and after taking a regular dose of levodopa. * Participants will have surgery to infuse AAV2-GDNF into the brain. The surgery will also include a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to collect cerebrospinal fluid. After surgery, participants will recover in the hospital for at least 2 days. * Participants will have another lumbar puncture 6 and 18 months after surgery. This will be an outpatient visit. * Participants will have regular followup visits after the surgery. These visits will include neurological tests and movement studies. Visits with a neurosurgeon will take place 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. Additional visits will take place every 3 months for the first 3 years, and then at longer intervals for up to 5 years....	Parkinson	Phase 1	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Study of Direct Brain Recording and Stimulation for Memory EnhancementBackground: \- Epilepsy is a seizure disorder. Sometimes it is treated with surgery. During surgery, electrodes are placed on or in the brain. Researchers want to learn more about memory and the brain. They want to do tests on people who are having epilepsy surgery. Objective: \- To learn more about memory and brain function by recording brain cell activity during memory tasks. Eligibility: \- Adults age 18 - 65 who have medically intractable epilepsy and will have electrodes placed to identify the source of their seizures. They must be currently enrolled in protocol 11-N-0051. Design: * Participants may do memory tests before the electrodes are put in, while they are in place, and after surgery. Researchers may stimulate areas of the brain with small pulses of electricity. * Researchers will start recording brain activity at least 12 hours after electrodes are placed. They will record while participants are awake and asleep. They will record before, during, and after seizures. * Participants may have up to 3 testing sessions daily over the 1-3 weeks the electrodes are in place. Each session will last 20-60 minutes. * Participants will play games on a laptop. Sometimes they may use a button or joystick. This can be done in bed in the hospital. * Participants may be given a list of words and asked to recall them in a short time. * Participants may be given pairs of items and asked to remember how they are related. * Participants may be asked to learn their way around a virtual town on the computer. Their eye movements may be tracked by a small camera.	Épilepsie	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier
Tumor Related EpilepsyBackground: Some people with brain tumors have seizures related to the tumor. This is called tumor-related epilepsy. Usually brain tumors are treated by removing as much of the brain tumor as possible without causing problems. Researchers think this may improve the outcome for people with brain tumors. It may completely relieve or greatly reduce the number of seizures they have. Objectives: To evaluate people with brain tumors that are associated with seizures and to offer surgical treatment. Also, to study how surgery affects seizures. Eligibility: People age 8 and older who have a brain tumor with associated seizures. They must be willing to have brain surgery to treat their epilepsy. Design: Participants will be screened with a review of their medical records. Participants will have a medical history and physical exam. Participants will be admitted to the hospital at NIH. They will have Medical history Physical exam Neurological exam Tests of memory, attention, and thinking Questions about their symptoms and quality of life Blood drawn They may also have: MRI or CT scan. They will lie on a table that slides in and out of a machine that takes pictures. For part of the MRI, they will get a dye through an intravenous (IV) catheter. Video electroencephalography monitoring. Electrodes will be placed on the scalp. The participant s brain waves will be recorded while doing normal activities. Participants will be videotaped. Participants will keep a seizure diary before and after surgery. Participants will have surgery to remove their brain tumor and the brain area where their seizures start. They will stay in the hospital up to a week after surgery. Participants have for follow-up visits at NIH. ...	Épilepsie	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular UltrasoundBackground: Current techniques used to measure the health and function of a person s nerves and muscles are generally effective, but they do have limits. Researchers are looking for ways to improve the ability to observe nerves and muscles and how they function in this natural history protocol. Objective: To study the use of ultrasound (sound waves) to learn more about nerves and muscles. Eligibility: Healthy adults, aged 18 and older, with no history of stroke, nerve or muscular disorders, or spine surgery are also needed. A smaller population of adults aged 18 and older who have a neuromuscular disorder or show symptoms of nerve or muscle disorder will also be evaluated. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical record review. Participants will have up to 5 outpatient clinic visits. Most participants will have 1 or 2 visits. Visits will last for less than 3-4 hours each. During each visit, participants will give a brief medical history and have a physical exam. Participants will have ultrasounds to get pictures and measurements of their nerves and muscles. Gel will be applied to their skin. A probe will be placed on the skin surface. Sound waves sent through the probe will be used to create pictures. Participants may have nerve conduction studies. Wires will be taped to the skin surface near a muscle or nerve in the arm or leg. The nerve will be stimulated with a small electric current that feels like a rubber band flick. The response will be recorded through the wires.	Myopathies	À vérifier	Traitement symptomatique	United States	À vérifier
Natural History Protocol for Movement DisordersBackground: A movement disorder is a condition that causes a person s body to move in ways that are not normal. There are different types. Some disorders cause movements people can t control, such as tics or shaking. Some cause reduced or slow movements. Movement disorders can cause disability in people. Sometimes members of the same family will have the same disorder. Researchers want to learn more about how people develop these disorders. This research could lead to better treatments. Objective: This natural history study will collect data on people with different types of movement disorders. It will also collect data on their family members. The data will support further research. Eligibility: Children and adults aged 2 years and older who have a movement disorder. Family members of people with movement disorders are also needed. Design: Participants will undergo screening. They will have a physical exam. Researchers will look at their existing medical images. Any photographs or videos of their movements will also be reviewed. Most participants will come to the NIH clinic for only 1 visit. They will answer questions about their condition. They will have normal tests used to diagnose their condition. They may have blood tests and different types of imaging scans. They may have tests to see how well their nerves function. The tests used will depend on the type of disorder they have. Family members will have some of the same tests as people with disorders. Participants will not receive any new treatments. Some participants may be asked to return for a follow-up visit. Up to 4000 people may participate.	Parkinson	À vérifier	À vérifier	United States	À vérifier

Essais cliniques

Molécule	Indication / population	Phase	NCT	Titre	Statut
Natural History Protocol for Movement Disorders	Parkinson	À vérifier	NCT05413291	Natural History Protocol for Movement Disorders	RECRUITING
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular Ultrasound	Myopathies	À vérifier	NCT05237973	Investigational Use of Neuromuscular Ultrasound	RECRUITING
Tumor Related Epilepsy	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT02639325	Tumor Related Epilepsy	RECRUITING
Study of Direct Brain Recording and Stimulation for Memory Enhancement	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT04095026	Study of Direct Brain Recording and Stimulation for Memory Enhancement	ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Convection enhanced delivery/AAV2-GDNF	Parkinson	Phase 1	NCT01621581	AAV2-GDNF for Advanced Parkinson s Disease	COMPLETED
rhIGF-1 (CEP-151)	SEP	Phase 2	NCT00001669	A 48-Week (24-Week Baseline Followed by a 24-Week Treatment) Phase II Pilot Study of the Tolerability and Effect/Efficacy of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (rhIGF) (CEP-151) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients	COMPLETED
Methylprednisolone	SEP	Phase 2	NCT02784210	Effect of Corticosteroids on Inflammation at the Edge of Acute Multiple Sclerosis Plaques	RECRUITING
Genetic and Physical Study of Childhood Nerve and Muscle Disorders	Myopathies	À vérifier	NCT01568658	Genetic and Physical Study of Childhood Nerve and Muscle Disorders	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
13N-Ammonia	Parkinson	À vérifier	NCT03648905	Clinical Laboratory Evaluation of Chronic Autonomic Failure	COMPLETED
Study of Inherited Neurological Disorders	Myopathies	À vérifier	NCT00004568	Study of Inherited Neurological Disorders	RECRUITING
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor Syndromes	Parkinson	À vérifier	NCT03027310	Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor Syndromes	COMPLETED
Deep Brain Stimulation management	Parkinson	Non applicable	NCT02119611	Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy in Movement Disorders	RECRUITING
Ferumoxytol	SEP	Phase 1	NCT02511028	In Vivo Characterization of Inflammation With Ferumoxytol, an Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle, on 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging	COMPLETED
Natural History and Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by the C9ORF72 Gene Mutation	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	NCT01925196	Natural History and Biomarkers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Caused by the C9ORF72 Gene Mutation	COMPLETED
Acamprosate calcium	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	Phase 1	NCT07204977	Acamprosate in C9orf72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ACALS)	ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia	Sclérose latérale amyotrophique	À vérifier	NCT03225144	Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia	RECRUITING
Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG Section	Myopathies	À vérifier	NCT05041387	Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG Section	RECRUITING
Mangafodipir	Épilepsie	Phase 1	NCT02531880	Investigation of Blood-Brain-Barrier Breakdown Using Manganese Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy	RECRUITING
Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable Epilepsy	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT01273129	Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable Epilepsy	RECRUITING
MRI	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT02107989	Noninvasive Pre-surgical Evaluation of Patients With Focal Epilepsy and Establishment of a Normative Imaging Database	RECRUITING
Medtronic Activa Tremor Control System	Parkinson	Non applicable	NCT01581580	Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Movement Disorders	RECRUITING
Laboratory tests	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT00060541	Evaluation and Treatment of Neurosurgical Disorders	RECRUITING
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Parkinson	À vérifier	NCT01496599	Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	COMPLETED
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	SEP	À vérifier	NCT00001248	Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	RECRUITING
Herpes Virus-6 and Epilepsy	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT00085683	Herpes Virus-6 and Epilepsy	COMPLETED
KW-6002	Parkinson	Phase 2	NCT00006337	KW-6002 to Treat Parkinson's Disease	COMPLETED
Head and Neck Cooling System	Épilepsie	Phase 2	NCT00067210	Reducing Seizure Frequency Using Cooling of the Head and Neck	COMPLETED
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	SEP	À vérifier	NCT01617395	Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	COMPLETED
tolebrutinib 60mg	SEP	Phase 2	NCT04742400	Tolebrutinib, a Brain-penetrant Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, for the Modulation of Chronically Inflamed White Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis	UNKNOWN
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Épilepsie	À vérifier	NCT00054990	Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	COMPLETED

Publications

Molécule	Titre	Journal
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular Ultrasound	Point of Care Quantitative Assessment of Muscle Health in Older Individuals: An Investigation of Quantitative Muscle Ultrasound and Electrical Impedance Myography Techniques.	Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular Ultrasound	Pregnancy and COVID-19: pharmacologic considerations.	Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Investigational Use of Neuromuscular Ultrasound	An Overview of Acute Flaccid Myelitis.	CNS & neurological disorders drug targets
Gadolinium	Determinants, risk score, and prognostic implications of left ventricular thrombus in ischemic cardiomyopathy assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance: a retrospective cohort study.	Annals of medicine
Gadolinium	New lanthanide complexes containing maltol and bipyridine ligands: Synthesis, solid state characterization, experimental and computational spectroscopic studies and their cytotoxic activities.	Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
Gadolinium	Rational design of Gd-doped Eu-MOF for enhanced gallic acid sensing.	Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
Mangafodipir	Zwitterionic Mn(III)-Tetraphenyl Porphyrins: Water-Soluble MRI Contrast Agents with High Relaxivity.	ChemMedChem
Mangafodipir	Phosphonic Acid-Enriched Nanogels as High Relaxivity Platforms for Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Drug Delivery.	Macromolecular bioscience
Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable Epilepsy	Delayed Surgical Evaluation After Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Diagnosis Worsens Outcomes in Children: A Multicenter Study.	Neurology. Clinical practice
Surgery as a Treatment for Medically Intractable Epilepsy	Long-term seizure outcomes in patients with drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis.	Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
MEG	"How obsessive are dental students?" - A personality styles & disorder inventory-based cross-sectional, controlled study.	Journal of dentistry
MEG	Dissociable patterns of alpha-band connectivity and structural-functional coupling in major depressive disorder with mixed features.	Journal of affective disorders
MEG	Linguistics and human brain: a perspective of computational neuroscience.	Cognitive neurodynamics
Herpes Virus-6 and Epilepsy	Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: A Retrospective Cohort Study.	Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
Head and Neck Cooling System	Hemodynamic and thermal responses to head and neck cooling in men and women.	American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
Head and Neck Cooling System	Physiologic and thermal responses of male and female patients with multiple sclerosis to head and neck cooling.	American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Retigabine alleviates cognitive deficits, decreases neuropathology and activates the AKT/GSK-3β pathway in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.	Behavioural brain research
Acamprosate calcium	Combined Pharmacotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults With Alcohol or Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.	JAMA network open
Acamprosate calcium	The effects of acamprosate on prefrontal cortical function are mimicked by CaCl2 and they are influenced by the history of alcohol exposure.	Neuropharmacology
Acamprosate calcium	Acamprosate reduces ethanol intake in the rat by a combined action of different drug components.	Scientific reports
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia	Ginsenoside compound K inhibited the gelation of GGGGCC repeats and regulated co-aggregation with arginine-rich poly-dipeptides in C9orf72-related ALS.	International journal of biological macromolecules
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia	Cross-disease genetic and epigenetic architecture of the locus shows convergence in ALS-PSP.	bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Investigating Complex Neurodegenerative Disorders Related to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia	VCP modulation ameliorates pathological features in C9orf72 models.	Cell death & disease
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor Syndromes	Historical Perspectives of Parkinson's Disease: Early Clinical Descriptions and Neurological Therapies.	Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor Syndromes	Cerebellar syndromes: clinical observations leading to the recognition of the three types.	Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
Clinical and Physiological Studies of Tremor Syndromes	Systemic inflammatory response after robotic versus laparoscopic abdominal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis with colorectal cancer subgroup analysis.	Journal of robotic surgery
Deep Brain Stimulation management	Surgical management of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE): a structured narrative review with considerations on refractory status epilepticus (RSE).	Epilepsy & behavior : E&B
Deep Brain Stimulation management	Insights into neuropathic pain: From disease models to therapeutic interventions.	Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
Radiological exams	Anatomical Variants of the Shoulder: Pitfalls and Clinical Significance.	RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
Laboratory tests	Multiple machine learning models for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in dialysis with clinical and echocardiographic parameters: a retrospective cohort study.	Annals of medicine
Laboratory tests	Multidimensional health evaluation in mid-aged women: cross-sectional study protocol for a future-implementable program.	Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology
Laboratory tests	Endoscopic Visualization of a Jejuno-Colonic Fistula in a Case of Monomorphic Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma.	DEN open
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Resveratrol alleviates neurological disorders and motor dysfunction in 3-NP induced- Huntington's Disease in rats: Role of activating AMPK/SIRT1/ULK1 autophagy pathway.	Neuropharmacology
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Multimodal MRI reveals microstructural and macrostructural alterations in Parkinson's disease: A combined 3D structural and NODDI study.	Magnetic resonance imaging
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Altered static and dynamic functional network connectivity in Parkinson's disease: A multisite functional magnetic resonance imaging study.	IBRO neuroscience reports
IV Levodopa	Zonisamide cotreatment delays striatal dopamine transporter reduction in Parkinson disease: A retrospective, observational cohort study.	Journal of the neurological sciences
KW-6002	Study of istradefylline in patients with Parkinson's disease on levodopa with motor fluctuations.	Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
KW-6002	Clinical efficacy of istradefylline (KW-6002) in Parkinson's disease: a randomized, controlled study.	Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society
Ferumoxytol	Targeting tumor‑associated macrophages in osteosarcoma: From molecular reprogramming to immuno-regenerative scaffolds.	Pharmacological research
Ferumoxytol	In-Depth optimization and characterization of prostatic and penile vessel imaging with Ferumoxytol-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.	Medical physics
Ferumoxytol	Assessment and validation of the established free-running framework for cardiac function by magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5T (FAST-CMR): an international multi-center, multi-vendor study.	Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	Translating neurofilament light chain testing into clinical practice: a multidisciplinary implementation roadmap.	Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	Value of Annual MRI Monitoring in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Ocrelizumab: A Number Needed to Scan Analysis.	Neurology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	Absence of PD-1 expression on T and T cell subsets correlates with severity of multiple sclerosis.	Journal of neuroimmunology
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	Interplay between genetic and environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis: what have we learned?	Brain : a journal of neurology
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	Genetic Risk in Multiple Sclerosis: Susceptibility, Modifiers and Unresolved Questions.	Neurology and therapy
Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG Section	Utilization of Preoperative Electrodiagnostic Studies for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: An Analysis of National Practice Patterns.	The Journal of hand surgery
Data Collection of Standard Care of Patients in the EMG Section	Identifying the Diagnostic Challenges and Indicators of Orthostatic Tremor: Patient Perspectives.	Movement disorders clinical practice
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Cannabidiol attenuates seizure progression and recognition memory deficit induced by hippocampal HCN knockdown in the kindling model of epilepsy in male rats.	Neuropharmacology
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Strategies in Epilepsy: From Molecular Mechanisms to Threshold Management.	International journal of molecular sciences
Medtronic Activa Tremor Control System	Neurostimulation systems for deep brain stimulation: in vitro evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging-related heating at 1.5 tesla.	Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
Medtronic Activa Tremor Control System	Closing the Loop With Cortical Sensing: The Development of Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor Using the Activa PC+S.	Frontiers in neuroscience
Radiological exams	Anemia Management in a Jehovah's Witness Patient With Hip Fracture.	Cureus
Radiological exams	Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia With Misaligned Pulmonary Veins (ACDMPV): Description of Two Cases and Literature Review.	Pediatric pulmonology
Laboratory tests	Vision-Based Autonomous Quadrupedal Robot for Rapid Post-Earthquake Crack-Based Building Damage Detection.	Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
Laboratory tests	Wear performance of metal and ceramic long-neck femoral head taper connections: an experimental ex vivo study.	Acta orthopaedica
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Cerebrospinal fluid/plasma albumin quotient in dementia: a systematic review of biomarker potential and clinical associations.	GeroScience
Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson s Disease	Morphometric Inverse Divergence Networks Combined with HYDRA Identify Parkinson's Disease Subtypes with Distinct Transcriptomic and Serum Biomarker Profiles.	International journal of molecular sciences
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Evaluate Activity of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	Comorbidities in multiple sclerosis: acquired hepatocerebral degeneration mimicking disease progression.	Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
Herpes Virus-6 and Epilepsy	Neurological prognostic factors for human herpes virus 6/7-associated acute encephalopathy in children: A single-center study.	Brain & development
Herpes Virus-6 and Epilepsy	Epileptic Encephalopathy After Human Herpes Virus 6-Related Post-Transplant Acute Limbic Encephalitis in Children: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.	Cureus
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Effects of riluzole on excitation-inhibition imbalance and functional connectivity in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: a multimodal 7-Tesla MRI study.	Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging
IV Levodopa	Effect of LRRK2 G2385R Variant on Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Efficacy in Parkinson's Disease in a Han Chinese Population.	Frontiers in neurology
IV Levodopa	Data on the effect of Parkinson's disease multimodal complex treatment in a German University Hospital.	Data in brief
KW-6002	The Anti-Parkinsonian A2A Receptor Antagonist Istradefylline (KW-6002) Attenuates Behavioral Abnormalities, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration in Cerebral Ischemia: An Adenosinergic Signaling Link Between Stroke and Parkinson's Disease.	International journal of molecular sciences
KW-6002	Adenosine A Receptors Control the Mis-Localization of Aquaporin-4 in Rats Subject to Repeated Restraint Stress.	Journal of neurochemistry
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	Association of Vitamin C Supplementation and Genetic Susceptibility with Multiple Sclerosis Risk: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study.	Nutrients
Relating Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility	The elusive link: EBV in MS.	Expert review of clinical immunology
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Carbonic anhydrase VII: Development of selective inhibitors and their pharmacological significance.	The Enzymes
Head and Neck Cooling System	Head-and-neck cooling has a greater effect on motor performance in unpredictable tasks than in constant and predictable ones for men with multiple sclerosis: A randomized crossover study.	Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Head and Neck Cooling System	Heat generation and thermal safety of powered instrumentation in endoscopic sinus surgery.	Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Age-dependent effects of cannabidiol on cortical hyperexcitability in an experimental model of malformation of cortical development.	Experimental neurology
tolebrutinib 60mg	Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of [C]-Tolebrutinib After Oral Administration in Humans, Contribution of the Metabolites to Pharmacological Activity.	Clinical drug investigation
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	K7 and K Potassium Channels in Thalamocortical Function and Their Therapeutic Potential in Childhood Absence Epilepsy.	Archiv der Pharmazie
Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs on Brain Excitability	Lateral Habenula 5-HT₂A Receptors Mediate Social Deficits in a Valproic Acid-Induced Rodent Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder.	Molecular neurobiology